Research Teaching Facilities Publications Grants birds

Bradley R. Hacker Professor Emeritus Earth Science Earth Research Institute University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9630 Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles, 1988 M.S., University of California, Davis, 1984 B.S., University of California, Davis, 1982 LASS Facility Electron Imaging Facility

Bio Bradley Hacker received his BS and MS in Geology from UC Davis in 1982 and 1984, while working for Apple Computer on Macintosh, Apple II and other products off and on from 1978 to 1984 (evidence here). He completed his doctorate in Geology at UCLA in 1988. He then spent eight years as a postdoctoral scholar and research associate at Stanford University, and as a geologist for the US Geological Survey. He joined the UCSB faculty in 1996 and retired in 2021. 2021  Structure & Tectonics Career Contribution Award, Geological Society of America 2020  Norman L. Bowen Award, American Geophysical Union 2015  Jack E. Oliver Visiting Professor, Cornell University 2014–15  NSF GeoPRISMS Distinguished Lecturer 2011  Astor Visiting Lecturer, Oxford University 2010  Fellow, American Geophysical Union 2003–04  Mineralogical Society of America Distinguished Lecturer 2003, 2001  Muckers Coterie Professor of the Year 2001  Fellow, Mineralogical Society of America 2001  Fellow, Geological Society of America 1997  Fellow, Cave Research Foundation

Research Field Work involves integrated structural geology, metamorphic petrology, and geochronology to understand: formation and exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks in the Dabie-Sulu belt of eastern China, the Western Gneiss Region of Norway, d'Entrecasteaux Islands of Papua New Guinea, and the Kokchetav massif of Kazakhstan evolution of the Himalaya, central Tibetan plateau and the Pamir Mountains of central Asia formation of continental crust through island arc dynamics  ophiolite emplacement in Oman, the Sierra Nevada, and the Klamath Mountains seismic anisotropy of Earth's crust formation of ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) rocks in Madagascar LASS (Laser-Ablation Split-Stream Dual-ICPMS) Facility Nu Instruments Plasma HR multi-collector ICP: double-focusing, forward-geometry mass spectrometer with 12 Faraday collectors and 4 discrete-dynode electron multipliers Nu Instruments AttoM single-collector ICP: double-focusing forward-geometry mass spectrometer with laminated, fast-scanning magnet, fast-scanning ion optics, a Faraday collector and a discrete-dynode electron multiplier behind a retardation filter Agilent 7700X quadrupole ICP Photon Machines 193 nm excimer laser Electron Imaging Facility Cameca SX-100 Electron Microprobe: 5 large-crystal wavelength-dispersive spectrometers optimized for trace-element analysis, an energy-dispersive spectrometer, and cathodoluminesence detector FEI Q400 FEG Scanning Electron Microscope with back-scattered electron detector, cathodoluminescence (CL) detector, and energy-dispersive analyzer. HKL Electron-Backscatter Diffraction Facility with infrared camera. Method Development/Experimental is devoted to geochronology, microstructure, and rock physical properties Monazite, sphene/titanite and rutile as petrochronometers Electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) for microstructural analysis and seismic wavespeeds Laser-ablation split-stream (LASS) inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for simulataneous measurement of elemental and isotopic compositions Calculation of rock physical properties. Excel macro for calculating physical properties of rocks & minerals from Hacker & Abers [2004] G-cubed available here. (This link is to the peer-reviewed version.) An updated version (use at your own risk) is here Some have referred to this macro as 'PhysProps', so I include that keyword here. Theoretical modeling focuses on interplay between rheology and metamorphism that produces inverted metamorphic field gradients rate of eclogite formationin subduction zones genesis and exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure rocksin subduction zones phase transformations intermediate-depth earthquakes rheology, anisotropy andphase changes in the lower crust physical properties of rocks in subduction zones

Graduate students Amy Moser: Direct dating of deformation using titanite. Formation of the Ivrea Zone Ryan Stoner: Calcite U-Pb dating. Crustal foundering and other gravitational instabilities. Robert Holder (Ph.D. 2018): Geochronology and petrology. U/Th-Pb. Madagascar. Monazite. UHT. Professor, University of Michigan. Joshua Garber (Ph.D. 2018): Geochronology, geochemistry and petrology. Lu-Hf, U-Pb. Oman, Norway. Titanite. Postdoctoral scholar, Penn State University. Madeline Shaffer: Foundering of the Pamir lower crust, U/Th-Pb and trace-element petrochronology. Forrest Horton (Ph.D. 2015): Himalaya gneiss dome formation, focused radiogenic heating in southern Madagascar, and fertilization of the Neoproterozoic ocean by mantle-derived phosphorus. Asst Scientist, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Michael Stearns (Ph.D. 2014): Genesis and Evolution of the Pamir Plateau: A Petrochronologic View. Professor, Utah Valley University. Robert Holder (M.S. 2014): Monazite Trace-Element and Isotopic Signatures of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism: Examples from the Western Gneiss Region, Norway. Professor, University of Michigan. Katherine Spencer (M.S. 2011): Exhumation and Melting of the Western Gneiss Region, Titanite U-Pb Geochronology. Geologist, Conestoga-Rovers & Associates Monica Erdman (M.S. 2011): Seismic Anisotropy of the Basin and Range Lower Crust. Ph.D., Rice University. Editor, US Geological Survey. Adam Ginsburg (M.S. 2011): UHP Tectonism of the Western Gneiss Region, Zircon U-Pb Geochronology. Geologist, Campbell Geo, Inc. Steven Arauza (M.S. 2011): Assessing Rates and Episodes of Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism Through Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd Geochronology Jen Schmidt (née McGraw) (M.S. 2010): Exhumation Depths of the Lower Crustal Domes of the Pamir Ph.D., Lehigh University. Visiting Assistant Professor, Bucknell University. Emily Peterman (Ph.D. 2009): The Development and Use of Monazite and Garnet Geochronology with Application to Tectonic Processes, Professor, Bowdoin College. Nicolas Barth (M.S. 2008): Strain within the Ultrahigh-Pressure Western Gneiss Region of Norway Recorded by Quartz LPOs. Professor, University of California, Riverside. Andrew Kylander-Clark (Ph.D. 2008): Slow Subduction and Exhumation of a Thick Ultrahigh-Pressure Terrane: Western Gneiss Region, Norway. Director of the Laser Ablation Split Stream Facility, UC Santa Barbara. Scott Johnston (Ph.D. 2006): Evolution of the Nordfjord-Sogn Detachment Zone and the Exhumation of Norwegian ultrahigh-pressure rocks. Professor, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo. Joshua Cole (M.S. 2006): Fault-Zone Deformation and Strain Partitioning at the Brittle-Ductile Transition, SEMP Fault, Austrian Alps. Heliskiing guide, Washington. Matt Rioux (Ph.D. 2006): The Growth and Differentiation of Arc Crust: Temporal and Geochemical Evolution of the Accreted Talkeetna Arc, South-Central Alaska. Researcher, University of California, Santa Barbara. Dave Young (Ph.D. 2005): Amphibolite to Ultrahigh-Pressure Transition in Western Norway. Professor, Ohio State University. David Root (Ph.D. 2003): Zircon Geochronology of ultrahigh-pressure eclogites and exhumation of the Western Gneiss Region, southern Norway. Emily Walsh (Ph.D. 2003): Exhumation of the Ultrahigh-Pressure/High-Pressure Terrane of the Western Gneiss Region, Norway. Professor, Cornell College. Luc Mehl (M.S. 2002): Arc-parallel flow within the mantle wedge: Evidence from the accreted Talkeetna arc, south central Alaska. Instructor, Alaska Pacific University

Postdoctoral Researchers Guillaume Bonnet (2019-20) Daniel Viete (2013-14) Professor, Johns Hopkins University Hans Vrijmoed (2010-11) Researcher, ETH Zurich Sarah Brownlee (2010-11) Professor, Wayne State University Stacia Gordon (2009-10) Professor, University of Nevada, Reno Jeremy Hourigan (2004-05) Professor, University of California, Santa Cruz Martin Robyr (2003-04) Researcher, University of Lausanne Mary Leech (2001-03) Professor, University of California, San Francisco Edwin Gnos (1995-96) Curator, Museum d'histoire naturelle de Geneve/University of Geneve

Extramural Grants NSF: ExTerra Field Institute and Research Endeavor (E-FIRE) NSF: Madagascar - What Causes UHT Metamorphism: Lengthscales and Timescales NSF: Collaborative Research: Characterizing and Modeling Crustal Recycling NSF: Acquisition of a Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometer (TIMS) for high-precision isotopic research of the Earth’s mantle, crust and oceans NSF, 2015-2017 Collaborative Research: Did the Pamir gneiss domes and salient form by northward underthrusting of India or southward subduction and rollback of Asia? NSF, 2013-16 Collaborative Research: the role of fluids in intermediate-depth seismicity and wedge anisotropy: Case studies for Cascadia and Alaska, with a comparison to Japan NSF, 2009-12, Testing channel-flow models using mid-crustal rocks of North Himalayan gneiss domes NSF, 2011-15, What determines whether the deep continental crust flows? NSF, 2011-15, Collaborative Research: The suturing process: Insight from the India-Asia collision zone NSF, 2009-12, How Does the Lower Crust Thicken and Grow During Continent Collisions? A Case Study of the Pamir NSF, 2007-12, Collaborative Research: How Is Rifting Exhuming the Youngest HP/UHP Rocks on Earth? NSF, 2009-12, The Dynamics of UHP Tectonism: Does the Western Gneiss Region Consist of Multiple (U)HP Blocks With Different Histories? NSF, 2009-11, MRI: Acquisition of an Electron Microprobe for UCSB Researchers and Educators NSF, 2008-10, Collaborative Research: Using Mineral Physics to Interpret Seismic Anisotropy of Basin & Range Crust NSF, 2006-09, Collaborative Research: Melt Extraction from UHP Metasediments: Evidence and Consequences NSF, 2006-09, Collaborative Research: EarthScope integrated investigation of Cascadia subduction zone tremor, structure and process NSF, 2007-08, Acquisition of a New Electron-Imaging Facility. NSF, 2006-07, Support for the Penrose Conference on Arc Crustal Genesis and Evolution; July 9-15, 2006; Valdez, Alaska NSF, 2005-08 The Assembly of UHP Terranes: Was the Western Gneiss Region, Built By Sequential or Repeated (Ultra)High-Pressure Events? NSF, 2003-06, Direct Observation, of Depth Variation, in Fault Zone Structure Through and Below the Seismogenic Crust NSF, 2002-05, Collaborative Research: Thermal, Petrological, and Seismological Study of Subduction, Zones NSF, 2001-05, Subduction, and Exhumation, of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks: Field and Drilling Studies in Eastern China NSF, 2000-05, Geology, geochemistry, structure and physical properties of the Talkeetna arc crustal section, south central Alaska NSF, 1999-02, Exhumation, of ultrahigh-pressure rocks in the Scandinavian Caledonides NSF, 1998-01, Collaborative Research: The Thermal, Petrological and Seismological Structure of Subducting Oceanic Lithosphere NSF, 1998-00, Collaborative Research: Petrotectonic Study of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks from the Kokchetav Massif, Northern Kazakhstan, and the Maksyutov Complex, South Ural Mountains, Russia NSF, 1998-99, Collaborative Research: Structure of the Crust and Upper Mantle Beneath the Tibetan Plateau Interior. NSF, 1995-98, Exhumation of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks in the Dabie Mountains, Central China. Department of Energy, 1993-96, Experimental Investigation, of Kinetics and Rheology During Diagenesis. Petroleum Research Foundation, 1993-95, Experimental Investigation, of Kinetics and Rheology During Diagenesis. NSF, 1992-96, Formation of the Sole of the Oman Ophiolite.

Teaching Earth Science 2: Physical Geology Earth Science 6: Mountains, Boots & Backpacks Earth Science 18: Field Studies Earth Science 102C: Metamorphic Petrology Earth Science 104A: Field Studies in Geological Methods Earth Science 104B: Field Methods Earth Science 114: Geomaterials I Earth Science 124T: Thermodynamics Earth Science 134: Statistical and Mathematical Treatment of Geological Data Earth Science 155/264: Metamorphism and Orogeny Earth Science 152/265: Analytical Techniques in Earth and Material Science

Publications See Supplementary Data tables for additional data relating to articles published or in press. Ultrahigh-Pressure Tectonics Exhumation of orogen-scale coesite-, diamond-, and former-majorite bearing terranes that formed by subduction of continental crust to depths >100 km. General processes operative at ultrahigh pressure Hacker, B.R. and Gerya, T.V., 2013. Paradigms, new and old, for ultrahigh-pressure tectonism. Tectonophysics, v. 603, p. 79-88. Hacker, B.R., Gerya, T.V., and Gilotti, J.A., 2013. Formation and exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure terranes. Elements, doi: 10.2113/gselements.9.4.289. Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Hacker, B.R., and Mattinson, C.G., 2012. Size and exhumation rate of ultrahigh-pressure terranes linked to orogenic stage. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 321–322, p. 115–120, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.12.036. Behn, M.B., Kelemen, P.B., Hirth, G., Hacker, B.R., and Massonne, H.J., 2011. Diapirs as the source of the sediment signature in arc lavas. Nature Geoscience, DOI: 10.1038/NGEO1214. Hacker, B.R., McClelland, W.C., and Liou, J.G., editors, 2006. Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism: Deep Continental Subduction. Geological Society of America Special Paper 403, 206 pp. Hacker, B.R., 2006. Pressures and temperatures of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism: Implications for UHP tectonics and H2O in subducting slabs. International Geology Review, v. 48, p. 1053-1066. Ernst, W.G., Hacker, B.R., and Liou, J.G., 2007. Petrotectonics-geochronology of ultrahigh-pressure crustal and upper mantle rocks–Implications for Phanerozoic orogeny. Geological Society of America Special Paper v. 433, p. 27-49. Liou, J.G., Hacker, B.R., and Zhang, R.Y., 2002, Ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphism in the forbidden zone. in Parkinson, C.D. et al., (ed), Diamond-bearing Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Terrane: the Kokchetav Massif of northern Kazakhstan, University Academic Press. pp. 443-446. Searle, M., Hacker, B.R., Bilham, R., 2001. The Hindu Kush seismic zone as a paradigm for the creation of ultrahigh-pressure diamond and coesite-bearing rocks. Journal of Geology, v. 109, p. 143-154. Liou, J.G., Hacker, B.R., and Zhang, R.Y., 2000. Ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphism in the forbidden zone. Science, v. 287, p. 1215-1216. Hacker, B.R., and Liou, J.G., editors, 1998. When Continents Collide: Geodynamics and Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 323 pp. Reviewed in Episodes v. 22 p. 317-318. Grasemann, B., L. Ratschbacher, and B.R. Hacker., 1998. Exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure rocks: thermal boundary conditions and cooling history. in When Continents Collide: Geodynamics and Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks, edited by B.R. Hacker and J.G. Liou, Kluwer, Amsterdam, p. 117-139. Hacker, B.R., Sharp, T., Zhang, R.Y., Liou, J.G., Hervig, R.L., 1997, Determining the origin of ultrahigh-pressure lherzolites. Science, v. 278, p. 702-704. Hacker, B.R., and Peacock, S.M., 1994, Creation, preservation, and exhumation of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks: in Coleman, R.G., and Wang, X., eds., Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism: Cambridge University Press, p. 159-181. Ernst, W.G., Liou, J.G., and Hacker, B.R., 1994, Petrotectonic significance of high- and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belts: inferences for subduction zone histories. International Geology Review, v. 36, pp. 213-237. Norwegian giant ultrahigh-pressure terrane Holder, R.M, Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Cottle, J.M., 2015. Monazite trace-element and isotopic signatures of (ultra)high-pressure metamorphism: Timescales of crustal recycling and crust-mantle interaction in the Western Gneiss Region, Norway. Chemical Geology. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.04.02 Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Holder, R., Andersen, T.B., Peterman, E.M., Walsh, E.O., Munnikhuis, J., 2015. Monazite Response to Ultrahigh-Pressure Subduction from U-Pb dating by Laser Ablation Split Stream. Chemical Geology. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.05.008. Walsh, E.O., Hacker, B.R., Gans, P.B., Wong, M.S., Andersen, T.B., 2013. Crustal exhumation of the Western Gneiss Region UHP terrane, Norway: 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology and fault-slip analysis. Tectonophysics , v. 608, p. 1159–1179. Spencer, K., Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Andersen, T.B., Cottle, J.M., Stearns, M.A., Poletti, J.E., Seward, G.G.E., 2013 Campaign-style titanite U-Pb dating by ICP: implications for crustal flow, phase transformations and titanite closure. Chemical Geology, v. 341, p. 84–101. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.11.01 Young, D., Hacker, B.R., Andersen, T.B., and Gans, P.B., 2011. Structure of an Ultrahigh-Pressure Transition in Western Norway. Journal of the Geological Society of London, v. 168, p. 887-898. Peterman, E.M., Hacker, B.R., and Baxter, E.F., 2009. Phase transformations of continental crust during subduction and exhumation: Western Gneiss Region, Norway. European Journal of Mineralogy, v. 21, p. 1097–1118. Hacker, B.R., Andersen T.B., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Johnston, S., Peterman, E., Walsh, E.O., and Young, D., 2010. High-temperature deformation during continental-margin subduction and exhumation: The ultrahigh-pressure Western Gneiss Region of Norway. Tectonphysics v. 480, p. 149-171. Barth, N.C., Hacker, B.R., Seward, G.G.E., Walsh, E.O., Young, D., and Johnston, S., 2010. Strain within the ultrahigh-pressure Western Gneiss region of Norway recorded by quartz CPOs. Geological Society of London Special Publication Kylander-Clark A.R.C., Hacker, B.R., Johnson, C.M., Beard, B.L., and Mahlen, N.J., 2009, Slow subduction and rapid exhumation of a thick ultrahigh-pressure terrane, Tectonics v. 28, TC2003, doi:10.1029/2007TC002251 Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Hacker B.R., Mattinson, J.M., 2008, Slow exhumation of UHP terranes: Titanite and rutile ages of the Western Gneiss Region, Norway, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 272, p. 531-540. Johnston, S., Hacker, B.R., and Ducea, M.N., 2007. Exhuming Norwegian ultrahigh-pressure rocks: The role of the Nordfjord–Sogn Detachment Zone. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 119, 1232–1248. Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Hacker, B.R., Johnson, C.M., Beard, B.L., Nancy J. Mahlen, N.J., and Lapen, T.J., 2007. Timing of multi-stage metamorphism during ultrahigh-pressure continental subduction and exhumation: Lu/Hf and Sm/Nd geochronology in western Norway. Chemical Geology , v. 242, p. 137-154. Johnston, S., Hacker, B.R., and Andersen, T.B., 2007. Exhuming Norwegian ultrahigh-pressure rocks: Overprinting extensional structures and the role of the Nordfjord–Sogn Detachment Zone. Tectonics, v. 26, TC5001, doi:10.1029/2005TC001933. Hacker, B.R., 2007. Ascent of the ultrahigh-pressure Western Gneiss Region, Norway. Geological Society of America Special Paper v. 419, p. 171-184. Young, D.J., B.R. Hacker, T.B. Andersen, F. Corfu, G.E. Gehrels, and M. Grove, 2007. Amphibolite to ultrahigh-pressure transition in western Norway: Implications for exhumation tectonics. Tectonics, v. 26, TC1007, doi:10.1029/2004TC001781. Walsh, E.O., Hacker, B.R., Gans, P.G., Grove, M., and Gehrels, G., 2007. Timing the exhumation of (ultra)high-pressure rocks across the Western Gneiss Region, Norway. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 119, p. 289-301. Root, D.B., Hacker, B.R., Gans, P.B., Ducea, M.N., Eide, E.A., and Mosenfelder, J.L., 2005. Discrete ultrahigh-pressure domains in the Western Gneiss Region, Norway: Implications for formation and exhumation. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 23, p. 45-61. Hacker, B.R., and Gans, P.B., 2005. Continental collisions and the creation of ultrahigh-pressure terranes: petrology and thermochronology of nappes in the central Scandinavian Caledonides. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 117, p. 117-134. Walsh, E.O., and Hacker, B.R., 2004., The Fate of Subducted Continental Margins: Two-Stage Exhumation of the High-Pressure to Ultrahigh-Pressure Western Gneiss Region, Norway. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 22, p. 671-689. Root, D.B., Hacker, B.R., Mattinson, J.M., and Wooden, J.L., 2005, Zircon geochronology and ca. 400 Ma exhumation of Norwegian ultrahigh-pressure rocks: an ion microprobe and chemical abrasion study. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 228, p. 325-341. Hacker, B.R., Andersen, T.B., Root, D.B., Mehl, L., Mattinson, J.M., and Wooden, J.L., 2003. Exhumation of high-pressure rocks beneath the Solund Basin, Western Gneiss Region of Norway. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 21, p. 613-629. Eastern China giant ultrahigh-pressure terrane & related studies Hacker, B.R., Wallis, S.R., McWilliams, M.O., and Gans, P.B., 2009. 40Ar/39Ar Constraints on the Tectonic History and Architecture of the Ultrahigh-Pressure Sulu Orogen, Journal of Metamorphic Geology. v. 27, doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.2009.00840.x. Hacker, B. R., S. R. Wallis, L. Ratschbacher, M. Grove, and G. Gehrels, 2006. High-temperature geochronology constraints on the tectonic history and architecture of the ultrahigh-pressure Dabie-Sulu Orogen, Tectonics, 25, TC5006, doi:10.1029/2005TC001937. Ratschbacher, L., Franz, L., Enkelmann, E., Jonckheere, R., Porschke, A., Hacker, B.R., Dong, S., and Zhang, Y., 2007. The Sino-Korean-Yangtze suture, the Huwan detachment, and the Paleozoic-Tertiary exhumation of (ultra)high-pressure rocks along the Tongbai-Xinxian-Dabie. Geological Society of America Special Paper, v. 403, p. 45-75. Klemd, R., Broecker, M., Hacker, B.R., Gao, J. and Wemmer, K., 2005. New age constraints on the metamorphic evolution of the high-pressure/low-temperature belt in the western Tianshan Mountains, NW China. Journal of Geology, v. 113, p. 157-168. Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., and Liou, 2004. Subduction, collision, and exhumation in the Qinling-Dabie Orogen. Geological Society of London Special Publication, v. 226, p. 157-175. Ratschbacher, L., Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A., Webb, L.E., Grimmer, J.C., McWilliams, M., Ireland, T.R., Dong, S. and Hu, J., 2003, Tectonics of the Qinling (central China): Tectonostratigraphy, geochronology, and deformation history. Tectonophysics, v. 366, p. 1-53. Grimmer, J.C., Ratschbacher, L., Franz, L., Gaitzsch, I, Tichomirowa, M., McWilliams, M., Hacker, B.R., and Zhang, Y., 2003. When did the ultrahigh-pressure rocks reach the surface? A 207Pb/206Pb zircon, 40Ar/39Ar white mica, Si-in-phengite single grain study of Dabie Shan synorogenic foreland sedimentation. Chemical Geology, v. 197, p. 87-110. Grimmer, J.C., Jonckheere, R., Enkelmann, E., Ratschbacher, L., Hacker, B.R., Blythe, A.E., Wagner, G.A., Wu, Q., Liu, S., and Dong, S., 2002. Cretaceous - Cenozoic history of the southern Tan-Lu fault zone: Apatite fission-track and structural constraints from the Dabie Shan (eastern China). Tectonophysics, v. 359, p. 225-253. Webb, L.E., Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Dong, S., 2001. Mesozoic tectonics of Hong'an and Tongbai Shan of the Qinling-Dabie orogen: implications for the exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure rocks. Geological Society of America Memoir, v. 194, p. 231-245. Ratschbacher, L., Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A., Webb, L.E., Ireland, T.R., McWilliams, M.O., Dong, S., Wenk, H.-R., and Chateigner, D., 2000. Exhumation of the ultrahigh-pressure continental crust in east-central China: Cretaceous and Cenozoic unroofing and the Tan-Lu Fault. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 105, p. 13303-13338. Supplementary Data Tables Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Webb, L.E., McWilliams, M., Calvert, A., Dong, S., Wenk, H.-R., and Chateigner, D., 2000. Exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure rocks in east-central China: Late Triassic-Early Jurassic tectonic unroofing. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 105, p. 13339-13364. Supplementary Data Tables NOTE: Inset to Figure 4 should read "Lineation, with sense of shear", NOT "Lineation with down-plunge arrow"! Wang, C.Y., Zeng, R.S., Mooney, W.D., Hacker, B.R., 2000, A crustal model of the ultra-high pressure (27 kb) Dabie Shan orogenic belt derived from deep seismic reflection profiling. Journal of Geophysical Research., v. 105, p. 10857-10869. Schmid, J.C., L. Ratschbacher, B.R. Hacker, I. Gaitzsch, and S. Dong, 1999. How did the foreland react? Yangtze foreland fold-thrust belt deformation related to exhumation of the Dabie Shan ultrahigh-pressure continental crust (eastern China), Terra Nova, v. 11, p. 266-272. Webb, L.E., Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Dong, S., 1999. Thermochronologic constraints on deformation and cooling history of high and ultrahigh-pressure rocks in the Qinling-Dabie orogen, eastern China. Tectonics, v. 18, p. 621-638. Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Webb, L., Ireland, T., Walker, D., Dong, S., 1998. U/Pb zircon ages constrain the architecture of the ultrahigh-pressure Qinling-Dabie Orogen, China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 161, p. 215-230. Supplementary Data Tables Zhai, X., Day, H.W., Hacker, B.R., and You, Z., 1998, Paleozoic metamorphism in the Qinling orogenic belt, Tongbai Mountains, central China. Geology, v. 26, p. 371-374. Hacker, B.R., Wang, X., Eide, E.A., and Ratschbacher, L. 1996, Qinling-Dabie ultrahigh-pressure collisional orogen. In The Tectonics of Asia, edited by An Yin and T.M. Harrison, pp. 345-370. Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Webb, L., and Dong Shuwen, 1995, What brought them up? Exhumation of the Dabie Shan ultrahigh-pressure rocks. Geology, v. 23, pp. 743-746. Hacker, B.R., and Wang, Q., 1995, Ar/Ar Geochronology of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in central China. Tectonics, v. 14, pp. 994-1006. Supplementary Data Tables Dong Shuwen, Ratschbacher, L., Hacker, B.R., and Webb, L., 1995, Exhumation of the Dabie Shan ultrahigh-pressure rocks. Die Geowissenschaften--Contributions in Earth Sciences, v. 14, pp. 42-43. Ultrahigh-pressure terrane in the d'Entrecasteaux Islands of Papua New Guinea Little, T.A., Hacker, B.R., Brownlee, S., and Seward, G., 2013. Microstructures and quartz lattice-preferred orientations in the eclogite-bearing migmatitic gneisses of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Papua New Guinea. G-cubed, doi: 10.1002/ggge.20132 Gordon, S.M., Little, T.A., Hacker, B.R., Bowring, S.A., Korchinski, M., Baldwin, S.L., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Millet, M.A., 2012. Multi-stage exhumation of young UHP–HP rocks: timescales of melt crystallization in the D’Entrecasteaux Islands, southeastern Papua New Guinea. Earth and Planetary Science Letters v. 351-352, p. 237-246. Ellis, S., Little, T.A., Wallace, L.M., Hacker, B.R., Buiter, S.J.H., 2011. Feedback between rifting and diapirism can exhume ultrahigh-pressure rocks. Earth and Planetary Science Letters v. 311, p. 427-438. Little, T.A., Hacker, B.R., Gordon, S.M., Baldwin, S.L. Fitzgerald, P.G., Ellis, S., and Korchinski, M., 2011. Diapiric Exhumation of Earth’s youngest (UHP) eclogites in the gneiss domes of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Papua New Guinea. Tectonophysics v. 510, p. 39-68. Brownlee, S., Hacker, B.R., Salisbury, M., Seward, G., Little, T., Baldwin, S., and Abers, G.A., 2011. Predicted velocity and density structure of the exhuming Papua New Guinea ultrahigh pressure terrane. Journal of Geophysical Research, v 116, doi:10.1029/2011JB008195 Bohemian Massif diamond-bearing terrane Štípská, P., Powell, R.P., Hacker, B.R., Holder, R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., 2016, Uncoupled U/Pb and REE response in zircon during the transformation of eclogite to mafic and intermediate granulite (Blanský les, Bohemian Massif). Journal of Metamorphic Geology. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmg.12234/full. Peresty, V., Lexa, O., Štípská, P., Holder, R., Jerábek, P., Racek, M., Schulmann, K., Hacker, B.R., 2016, Metamorphic inheritance of Rheic passive margin evolution and its early Variscan overprint in the Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif. Journal of Metamorphic Geology. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmg.12234/full. Broussolle, A., Stípská, P., Lehmann, J., Schulmann, K., Hacker, B.R., Holder, R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Hanzl, P., Racek, M., Hasalova, P, Lexa, O., Hrdlickova, K., 2015, P-T-t-D record of crustal-scale horizontal flow and magma-assisted doming in the SW Mongolian Altai. Journal of Metamorphic Geology. DOI: 10.1111/jmg.12124. Stípská, P., Hacker, B.R., Racek, M, Holder, R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Schulmann, K., Hasalová, P., 2015. Monazite dating of prograde and retrograde P-T-D paths in Barrovian-type metamorphism (Thaya Window, Bohemian Massif). Journal of Petrology. doi: 10.1093/petrology/egv026 Kokchetav diamond-bearing terrane in Kazakhstan Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A.T., Zhang, R.Y., Ernst, W.G., and Liou, J.G., 2002, Ar/Ar geochronology of diamond-bearing metasedimentary rocks from the Kokchetav massif. in Parkinson, C.D. et al., (ed), Diamond-bearing Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphic Terrane: the Kokchetav Massif of northern Kazakhstan, University Academic Press. pp. 397-412. Hacker, B.R., Calvert, A.T., Zhang, R.Y., Ernst, W.G., and Liou, J.G., 2003. Ultra-rapid exhumation of ultrahigh pressure diamond-bearing metasedimentary rocks of the Kokchetav Massif. Lithos. v. 70, p. 61-75. Timescales and Rates of Orogenic Events Rates of exhumation and timescales of orogenic processes. 176. Viete, DR., Hacker, B.R,, Allen, MB, Seward GGES, Tobin, MJ, Kelley, CS, Cinque, G, Duckworth, AR, 2018. Metamorphic record of multiple seismic cycles during subduction. Science Advances doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaq0234 http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/3/eaaq0234179 Ultrahigh-Temperature Tectonism Horton, F., Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Jöns, N, Schenk, V, 2016. Focused radiogenic heating of middle crust caused ultrahigh temperatures in southern Madagascar. Tectonics, DOI: 10.1002/2015TC004040 Holder, RM, Hacker, BR., 2018. Fluid-driven resetting of titanite following ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism in southern Madagascar. Chemical Geology https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.11.017 Holder, R.M., Sharp, Z.D., Hacker, B.R., 2018. LinT, a simplified approach to oxygen-isotope thermometry and speedometry of high-grade rocks: An example from ultrahigh-temperature gneisses of southern Madagascar. Geology https://doi.org/10.1130/G40207.1 Clark, C, Taylor, RJM, Kylander-Clark, ARC, and Hacker, B.R., 2018. Prolonged (>100 Myr) ultrahigh temperature metamorphism in the Napier Complex, East Antarctica: A Petrochronological investigation of Earth’s hottest crust. Journal of Metamorphic Geology https://doi.org/10.1111/jmg.12430 Holder, R, Hacker, B.R., Horton, F, Rakotondrazafy, M., 2018. Ultrahigh-temperature osumilite gneisses in southern Madagascar record combined heat advection and high rates of radiogenic heat production in a long-lived high-temperature orogen. Journal of Metamorphic Geology. doi: 10.1111/jmg.12316 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jmg.12316 Mountains of Central Asia Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau, Mongolia, Pamir, and Tian Shan. Searle, MP, Hacker, B.R., 2018. Structural and Metamorphic Evolution of the Karakoram and Pamir following India-Kohistan-Asia collision. Geological Society of London Special Publication 483, SP483. 6 https://doi.org/10.1144/SP483.6 Rutte, D., Ratschbacher, L., Schneider, S., Stübner, K., Stearns, M. A., Gulzar, M.A., Hacker, B.R., and Project TIPAGE members, 2016. Building the Pamir-Tibet Plateau—Crustal stacking, extensional collapse, and lateral extrusion in the Central Pamir: 1. Geometry and kinematics. Tectonics, doi: 10.1002/2016TC004293 Rutte, D., Ratschbacher, L., Khan, J., Stübner, K., Hacker, B.R., Stearns, M.A., Enkelmann, E., Jonckheere, R., Pfänder, J.A., Sperner, B., and Tichomirowa, M., 2016. Building the Pamir-Tibet Plateau—Crustal stacking, extensional collapse, and lateral extrusion in the Central Pamir: 2. Timing and rates. Tectonics,http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/tect.20059/full Stearns, M.A., Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Rutte, D., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., 2015. Titanite petrochronology of the Pamir gneiss domes: Implications for mid-deep crust exhumation and titanite closure to Pb and Zr diffusion. Tectonics, DOI: 10.1002/2014TC003774 Hacker, B.R., Ritzwoller, M., Xie, J.Y., 2014. Central Tibet Has a Partially Melted, Mica-Bearing Crust. . Tectonics DOI: 10.1002/2014TC003545 Horton, F., Lee, J, Hacker, B.R., Bowman-Kamaha’o, M., and Cosca, M., 2014. Himalayan gneiss dome formation in the middle crust and exhumation by normal faulting: New geochronology of Gianbul dome, northwestern India . Geological Society of America Bulletin Smit, M.A., Hacker, B.R., and Lee, J., 2014. Tibetan garnet records early Eocene initiation of thickening in the Himalaya . Geology Stübner, K., Ratschbacher, L., Weise, C., Hofmann, J., Pfänder, J., Dunkl, I.,. Hacker, B.R., Khan, J., Chow, J., Stearns, M.A., Rutte, D., Jonckheere, R., Tichomirowa, M., Gloaguen, R., Sperner, B., and Minaev, V., 2013. The giant Shakhdara migmatitic gneiss dome, Pamir, India–Asia collision zone, II: Timing of dome formation . Tectonics doi: 10.1002/tect.20059 Stearns, M.A., Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Lee, J., Cottle, J.M., and Kylander-Clark, A.K.C., 2013. Synchronous Oligocene–Miocene Metamorphism of the Pamir and North Himalaya driven by plate-scale dynamics. , Geology doi:10.1130/G34451.1 Gordon, S.M., Luffi. P.I., Hacker, B.R., Valley, J.W., Spicuzza, M., Kozdon, R., Kelemen, P.B., Ratschbacher, L., and Minaev, V., 2012. The thermal structure of continental crust in active orogens: Insight from Miocene garnet–kyanite and garnet–omphacite xenoliths of the Pamir. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 20, p. 413–434. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1314.2012.00973.x Schmidt, J., Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Stübner, K., Stearns, M., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Cottle, J.M., Webb, A.A.G., Gehrels, G., Minaev, V., 2011. Cenozoic deep crust in the Pamir. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 312, p 411–421. (This version is missing the typos and bad figure formatting of the Elsevier version.) Langille, J., Lee, J., Hacker, B.R., and Seward, G., 2010. Middle crustal ductile deformation patterns in southern Tibet: insights from vorticity studies in Mabja Dome. Journal of Structural Geology, v. 32, p. 80-85. Wagner, T., Lee, J., Hacker, B.R., and Seward, G., 2010. Kinematics and vorticity in Kangmar Dome, southern Tibet: Testing mid-crustal channel-flow models for the Himalaya. Tectonics v. 29, TC6011, DOI10.1029/2010TC002746. Hintersberger, E., Thiede, R., Strecker, M.R., Hacker, B.R., 2010. E–W extension in the northwestern Himalaya, NW India. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 122, p. 1499-1515, doi:10.1130/B26589.1. Enkelmann, E., Ratschbacher, L., Gloaguen, R., Nestler, R., Fleischer, M., Jonckheere, R., Hacker, B.R., and Zhang, Y.Q., 2007. Cenozoic exhumation and deformation of northeastern Tibet and the Qinling: Is Tibetan lower crustal flow diverging around the Sichuan Basin? Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, p. 651-671. Robyr, M.,Hacker, B.R., and Mattinson, J.M., 2006. Doming in compressional orogenic settings: New geochronological constraints from the NW Himalaya. Tectonics, v. 25, TC2007, 10.1029/2004TC001774. Hacker, B.R., Luffi, P., Lutkov, V., Minaev, V.T., Ratschbacher, L.R., Patino-Douce, A.E., Ducea, M.N., McWilliams, M.O., and Metcalf, J., 2005. Near-Ultrahigh Pressure Processing of Continental Crust: Miocene Crustal Xenoliths from the Pamir. Journal of Petrology, v. 46, p. 1661-1687. Ducea, M.N., Lutkov, V., Minaev, V.T., Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L.R., Luffi, P., Gehrels, G.E., Vervoort, J., McWilliams, M.O., and Metcalf, J., 2003. Building the Pamirs: The View From the Underside. Geology, v. 31, p. 849­852. Lee, J., Hacker, B.R., and Wang, Y., 2004. Evolution of the North Himalayan Gneiss Domes: Structure and metamorphic studies in Mabja Dome, southern Tibet. Journal of Structural Geology, v. 26, p. 2297-2316. Blisniuk, P.M., Hacker, B.R., Glodny, J., Ratschbacher, L., Wu, Z., Bi, S., McWilliams, M.O., and Calvert, A., 2001, Extension in central Tibet since at least 13.5 Myr. Nature, v. 412, p. 628-632. Graham, S.A., Hendrix, M.S., Johnson, C.L., Badamgarav, D., Badarch, G., Amory, J., Porter, M., Barsbold, R., Webb, L.E., and Hacker, B.R., 2001. Sedimentary record and tectonic implications of Mesozoic rifting in southeast Mongolia. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 113, p. 1560-1579. Zhou, D., Graham, S.A., Chang, E.Z., Wang, B., and Hacker, B.R., 2001, Paleozoic tectonic amalgamation of the Chinese Tian Shan: Evidence from a transect along the Dushanzi-Kuqa Highway. Geological Society of America Memoir, v. 109, p. 23-46. Lee, J., Hacker, B.R., Dinklage, W.S., Gans, P.B., Calvert, A., Wang, Y., Wan, J., Chen, W., 2000. Evolution of the Kangmar Dome, southern Tibet: Structural, petrologic, and thermochronologic constraints. Tectonics, v. 19, p. 872-895. Hacker, B.R., Gnos, E., Ratschbacher, L., Grove, M., McWilliams, M.O., Sobolev, S.V., Wan, J., and Wu, Z., 2000. Hot and dry deep crustal xenoliths from Tibet. Science, v. 287, p. 2463-2466. Ultrafast Ophiolite Emplacement in Oman and related Topics Precise 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, coupled with microstructural and metamorphic studies, documented that high-temperature intraoceanic thrusting of the archetypal, Tethyan-type Oman ophiolite began and ended within ~2 m.y. of the igneous crystallization of the ophiolite. Rioux, M., Garber, J., Bauer, A., Bowring, S., Searle., N., Kelemen, P., Hacker, B.R., 2016., Synchronous formation of the metamorphic sole and igneous crust of the Semail ophiolite: New constraints on the tectonic evolution during ophiolite formation from high-precision U-Pb zircon geochronology. Earth and Planetary Science Letters ,dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.051 0012-821X El-Shazly, A.E., Broecker, M.S., Hacker, B.R., and Calvert, A.T., 2001, Formation and exhumation of blueschists and eclogites from NE Oman: New constraints from Rb-Sr and 40Ar/39Ar dating. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 19. p. 233-248. The conundrum of Samail: Explaining the metamorphic history. Tectonophysics, v. 279, p. 215-226. Hacker, B.R., Mosenfelder, J.L., and Gnos, E., 1996, Rapid emplacement of the Oman ophiolite: Thermal and geochronologic constraints. Tectonics, v. 15, pp. 1230-1247. Hacker, B.R., and Mosenfelder, J.L., 1996, Metamorphism and deformation along the emplacement thrust of the Samail ophiolite, Oman. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 155, pp. 435-451. Hacker, B.R., 1996, Metamorphic sole of the Samail ophiolite, Oman. in Fault Related Rocks--A Photographic Atlas, edited by A.W. Snoke, J.A. Tullis, and V.R. Todd, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., pp. 564-565. Hacker, B.R., 1994, Rapid emplacement of young oceanic lithosphere: Argon geochronology of the Oman ophiolite.Science, v. 265, p. 1563-1565. Hacker, B.R., 1991, The role of deformation in the formation of metamorphic field gradients: ridge subduction beneath the Oman ophiolite: Tectonics, v. 10, p. 455-473. Hacker, B.R., 1990, Simulation of the metamorphic and deformational history of the metamorphic sole of the Oman ophiolite: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 95, p. 4895-4907. Formation, refining, and relamination of continental crust Archetypal examples of the formation and refining of continental crust. 162. Schwartz, J.J., Stowell, H., Klepeis, K., Tulloch, A., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Hacker, B.R., Coble, M., 2016. Thermochronology of extensional orogenic collapse in the deep crust, Fiordland, New Zealand, Geosphere, http://geosphere.gsapubs.org/content/12/3/647.full.pdf. Hacker, B.R., Kelemen, P.B., and Behn, M.D., 2015. Lower Continental Crust. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, doi: 10.1146/annurev-earth-050212-124117 There are two typos in Table 4: (1) K2O(wt%), avg should read "1.22 0.79 1.54 1.86 | 1.29 1.60 2.26 3.42 | 1.42 1.42" and (2) K2O(wt%) should read "1.75 1.71 2.21 2.69 1.88" 2011, Differentiation of the Continental Crust by Relamination. Earth and Planetary Science Letters v. 307, p. 501-516. Hacker, B.R., Kelemen, P.B., Rioux, M., McWilliams, M.O., Gans, P.B., Reiners, P., Layer, P.W., Söderlund, U, and Vervoort, J.D., 2011, Thermochronology of the Talkeetna Intra-Oceanic Arc of Alaska: 40Ar/39Ar, U-Th/He, Sm-Nd, and Lu-Hf Dating. Tectonics v. 30, TC1011, doi:10.1029/2010TC002798. Rioux, M., Mattinson, J., Hacker, B.R., Kelemen, P., Blusztajn, J., Hanghřj, K. and Gehrels, G., 2010, Intermediate to felsic middle crust in the accreted Talkeetna arc, the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island, Alaska: An analogue for low-velocity crust in modern arcs: Tectonics, v. 29, doi:10.1029/2009TC002541. Hacker, B.R., L. Mehl, P.B. Kelemen, M. Rioux, M.D. Behn, and P. Luffi, 2008, Reconstruction of the Talkeetna intra-oceanic arc of Alaska through thermobarometry, Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 113, doi:10.1029/2007JB005208. Rioux, M., Hacker, B.R., Mattinson, J., Kelemen, P., Blusztajn, J., and Gehrels, G., 2007. The magmatic development of an intra-oceanic crustal section: High-precision U-Pb zircon and whole rock isotopic analyses from the accreted Talkeetna arc, south-central Alaska. Geological Society of America Bulletin v. 119, p. 1168–1184. Mehl, L., Hacker, B.R., Hirth, G., and Kelemen, P.B., 2003, Arc-parallel flow within the mantle wedge: Evidence from the accreted Talkeetna arc, south central Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research, 08(B8), 2375, doi: 10.1029/2002JB002233. Kelemen, P.B., Parmentier, E.M., Rilling, J., Mehl, L., and Hacker, B.R., 2003, Thermal convection in the mantle wedge beneath subduction-related magmatic arcs.American Geophysical Union Monograph, v. 138, p. 293-311. Core Complexes Stress, strain rate, and temperatures during core complex formation. Bröcker, M., Bieling, D., Hacker, B.R., and P. Gans, P.B., 2004, High-Si phengites record the time of greenschist-facies overprinting: a Rb-Sr and 40Ar-39Ar study of marbles from the Cyclades, Greece. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 22, p. 427-442. Lee, J., Miller, M.M., Crippen, R., Hacker, B.R., and Ledesma, J.V., 1996, Middle Miocene extension in the Gulf Extensional Province, Baja California: Evidence from the southern Sierra Juarez. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 108, pp. 505-525. Hacker, B.R., Yin, A., Christie, J. M., and Davis, G.A., 1992, Rheology of extended middle crust inferred from quartz grain sizes in the Whipple Mountains, California: Tectonics, v. 11, p. 36-46. Hacker, B.R., Yin, A., Christie, J. M., and Snoke, A.W., 1990, Differential stress, strain rate, and temperatures of mylonitization in the Ruby Mountains: implications for the rate and duration of uplift: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 95, p. 8569-8580. Oceanic, Ophiolitic and Arc Rocks Archetypal examples of the formation of continental crust from oceanic materials. Rioux, M., Jöns, N., Bowring, S., Lissenberg, J., Bach, W., Kylander-Clark, A., Hacker, B.R., Dudás, F., 2015. U-Pb dating of interspersed gabbroic magmatism and hydrothermal metamorphism during lower crustal accretion, Vema lithospheric section, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Journal of Geophysical Research DOI: 10.1002/2014JB011668. Baron, D., Miller, D., Negrini, R., McGuire, M., Huggins, C., Minner, M., Hacker, B.R., Sarna-Wojcicki, S., Meyer, C., Fleck, R.J., and Reid, S.A., 1998, New upper age constraint on the Kern River Formation. in Reid, T., Outcrops of the Eastern San Joaquin Basin, San Joaquin Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook, pp. 23-31. Ratschbacher, L.R., Dingeldey, C., Miller, C., Hacker, B.R., and McWilliams, M.O., 2004, Formation, subduction, and exhumation of Penninic oceanic crust in the Eastern Alps: time constraints from 40Ar/39Ar geochronology. Tectonophysics, v. 394, p. 155-170. Fagan, T.J., Day, H.W., Hacker, B.R., Timing of arc construction and metamorphism in the Slate Creek Complex, northern Sierra Nevada, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 113, p. 1105-1118. Dilek, Y., Thy, P., Hacker, B., and Grundvig, S., 1999, Structure and Petrology of Tauride Ophiolites and Mafic Dike Intrusions (Turkey): Implications for the Neo-Tethyan Ocean. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 111, p. 1192-1216. Miller, D., Negrini, R., McGuire, M., Huggins, C., Minner, M., Hacker, B.R., Sarna-Wojcicki, S., Meyer, C., Fleck, R.J., and Reid, S.A., 1998, New upper age constraint on the Kern River Formation. in Reid, T., Outcrops of the Eastern San Joaquin Basin, San Joaquin Geological Society Field Trip Guidebook, pp. 23-31. Hacker, B.R., Donato, M.M., Barnes, C.G., McWilliams, M.O., and Ernst, W.G., 1995, Timescales of orogeny: Jurassic construction of the Klamath Mountains: Tectonics, v. 14, pp. 677-703. Barnes, C.G., Donato, M.M., Barnes, M.A., Yule, J.D., Hacker, B.R., Helper, M.A., 1995, Geochemical compositions of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks, Western Jurassic and Western Paleozoic and Triassic belts, Klamath Mountains, Oregon and California. USGS OFR 95-227-A, 63 pp. Hacker, B.R., and Ernst, W.G., 1993, Jurassic orogeny in the Klamath Mountains: A geochronological analysis, Mesozoic Paleogeography of the Western United States-II, Pacific Section SEPM, v. 71, p. 31-60. Genesis and evolution of a Permian-Jurassic magmatic arc and accretionary wedge, and reevaluation of the terrane concept in the Klamath Mountains: Tectonics, v. 12, 387-409. 1Hacker, B.R., 1993, Evolution of the northern Sierra Nevada metamorphic belt: Petrological, structural, and Ar/Ar constraints: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 105, p. 637-656. Hacker, B.R., Ernst, W.G., and Barton, M.D., 1992, Metamorphism, geochemistry, and origin of magnesian volcanic rocks, Klamath Mountains, California: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 10, p. 55-69. Ernst, W.G., Hacker, B.R., Barton, M.D., and Sen, G., 1991, Igneous petrogenesis of magnesian metavolcanic rocks from the WTrPz belt, central Klamath Mountains, northern California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, p. 56-72. Hacker, B.R., and Peacock, S.M., 1990, Comparison of the Central Metamorphic Belt and Trinity Complex of the Klamath Mountains and the Feather River Terrane of the Sierra Nevada, Geological Society of America Special Paper 255, 75-92. Hacker, B.R., and Goodge, J.W., 1990, Comparison of Early Mesozoic high-pressure rocks in the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada, Geological Society of America Special Paper 255, 277-296. Edelman, S.H., Day, H.W., Moores, E.M., Zigan, S.M., Murphy, T.P., and Hacker, B.R., 1989, Structure across a Mesozoic ocean-continent suture zone in the northern Sierra Nevada, California: GSA Special Paper 224, 56 p. Subduction Zones: Physical properties, seismicity, and seismic anisotropy Phase transformations, deformation, fluid flow, and intermediate-depth seismicity in subduction zones. van Keken, PE, Wada, I, Abers, GA, Hacker, BR and Wang, K, 2018. Mafic high-pressure rocks are preferentially exhumed from warm subduction settings. G-cubed https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007624 Viete, DR., Hacker, B.R,, Allen, MB, Seward GGES, Tobin, MJ, Kelley, CS, Cinque, G, Duckworth, AR, 2018. Metamorphic record of multiple seismic cycles during subduction. Science Advances doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaq0234 http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/3/eaaq0234 Abers, G.A., van Keken, P., Hacker, B.R., 2017. The cold and relatively dry nature of mantle forearcs in subduction zones. Nature Geoscience, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2922. Abers, G.A., and Hacker, B.R., 2016. A MATLAB toolbox and Excel workbook for calculating the densities, seismic wave speeds, and major element composition of minerals and rocks at pressure and temperature. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, doi: 10.1002/2015GC006171. Wilson, C.R., Spiegelman, M., van Keken, P.E., and Hacker, B.R., 2014. Fluid flow in subduction zones: the role of solid rheology and compaction pressure. Earth and Planetary Science Letters . Sheehan, A.F., de la Torre, Monsalve, G., T.L., Abers, G.A., and Hacker, B.R., 2013. Physical state of Himalayan crust and upper mantle: constraints from seismic attenuation and velocity tomography. DOI: 10.1002/2013JB010601. Brownlee, S., Hacker, B.R., Harlow, G., and Seward, G., 2013. Seismic anisotropy of hydrated mantle from antigorite CPO. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 375, 395–407. Erdman, M., Hacker, B.R., Zandt, G., and Seward, GGES, 2013. Seismic anisotropy of the crust: Electron backscatter-diffraction measurements from the Basin and Range. Geophysical Journal International , doi: 10.1093/gji/ggt287. The stiffness tensors determined in this study can be downloaded here , here , and here . Nakajima, J., Uchida, N, Shina, T., Hasegawa, A., Hacker, B.R., Kirby, S.H., 2013. Intermediate-depth earthquakes facilitated by gabbro-eclogite transformation-related stresses and H2O. Geology doi: 10.1130/G33796.1. Abers, G.A., Nakajima, J., van Keken, P.E., Kita, S., Hacker, B.R., 2013. Thermal–petrological controls on the location of earthquakes within subducting plates. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 369-370, p. 178-187, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.022 Worthington, J.R., Hacker, B.R., Zandt, G., 2013. Distinguishing eclogite from peridotite: EBSD-based calculations of seismic velocities. Geophysical Journal International. doi: 10.1093/gji/ggt004. Barcheck, CG, Wiens, WA, Van Keken, PE, Hacker, BR, 2012. The relationship of intermediate- and deep-focus seismicity to the hydration and dehydration of subducting slabs. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 349–350, p. 153–160. Hacker, B.R., and Abers, G.A., 2012. Subduction Factory 5. Unusually low Poisson’s ratios in subduction zones from elastic anisotropy of peridotite. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 117, B06308, doi:10.1029/2012JB009187. Brownlee, S., Hacker, B.R., Salisbury, M., Seward, G., Little, T., Baldwin, S., and Abers, G.A., 2011. Predicted velocity and density structure of the exhuming Papua New Guinea ultrahigh pressure terrane. Journal of Geophysical Research, v 116, doi:10.1029/2011JB008195 van Keken, P.E., Hacker, B.R., Syracuse, E.M., and Abers, G.A., 2011. Subduction Factory 4: Depth-dependent flux of H2O from subducting slabs worldwide. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 116, B01401, doi:10.1029/2010JB007922. Kimura, J.I., Kent, A.J.R., Rowe, M.C., Katakuse, M., Nakano, F., Hacker, B.R., van Keken, P., and Stern, R.J., 2010. Origin of cross-chain geochemical variation in Quaternary lavas from the northern Izu arc: A Quantitative mass-balance approach on source and mantle wedge process identification. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 11, Q10011, doi:10.1029/2010GC003050. Kimura, J.I., Hacker, B.R., van Keken, P., Kawabata, H., Yoshida, T., and Stern, R.J., 2009. Arc Basalt Simulator (ABS) ver.2, a simulation for slab dehydration and fluid-fluxed mantle melting for arc basalts: modeling scheme and application. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 10, Q09004, doi:10.1029/2008GC002217. Hacker, B.R., 2008. H2O subduction beneath arcs, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 9, doi:10.1029/2007GC001707. Figure 12 is partially incorrect; here is a corrected version. Brudzinski, M.R., Thurber, C.H., Hacker, B.R., and Engdahl, E.R., 2007. Global prevalence of double Benioff zones related to plate age and antigorite dehydration. Science, v. 316, p. 1472-1474. Hacker, B.R., Abers, G.A., Peacock, S.M., and Johnston, S., 2005. Reply to comment by Romain Bousquet et al. on “Subduction Factory 1. Theoretical mineralogy, densities, seismic wave speeds, and H2O contents. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, doi: 10.1029/2004JB003490. Peacock, S.M., van Keken, P.E., Holloway, S.D., Hacker, B.R., Abers, G.A., and Fergason, R.L., 2005, Thermal structure of the Costa Rica-Nicaragua subduction zone. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 149, p. 187-200. Hacker, B.R., and Abers, G.A., 2004, Subduction Factory 3. An Excel Worksheet and Macro for Calculating the Densities, Seismic Wave Speeds, and H2O Contents of Minerals and Rocks at Pressure and Temperature. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 5, doi: 10.1029/2003GC000614. Excel macro available here. Mehl, L., Hacker, B.R., Hirth, G., and Kelemen, P.B., 2003, Arc-parallel flow within the mantle wedge: Evidence from the accreted Talkeetna arc, south central Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research, 08(B8), 2375, doi: 10.1029/2002JB002233. Abers, G.A., Plank, T., and Hacker, B.R., 2003, The wet Nicaraguan slab.Geophysical Research Letters, 30(2), 1098, doi: 10.1029/2002GL015649. Kelemen, P.B., Parmentier, E.M., Rilling, J., Mehl, L., and Hacker, B.R., 2003, Thermal convection in the mantle wedge beneath subduction-related magmatic arcs.American Geophysical Union Monograph, v. 138, p. 293-311. Husen, S., Quintero, R., Kissling, E., Hacker, B.R., 2003, Subduction zone structure and magmatic processes beneath Costa Rica as constrained by local earthquake tomography and petrologic modeling. Geophysical Journal International, v. 155, p. 11-32. Hacker, B.R., Peacock, S.M., Abers, G.A., and Holloway, S., 2003, Subduction Factory 2. Intermediate-depth earthquakes in subducting slabs are linked to metamorphic dehydration reactions. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, 10.1029/2001JB001129. Hacker, B.R., Abers, G.A., and Peacock, S.M., 2003, Subduction Factory 1. Theoretical mineralogy, densities, seismic wave speeds, and H2O contents. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, 10.1029/2001JB001127. Hacker, B.R., Abers, G.A., and Peacock, S.M., 2002, Theoretical mineralogy, density, seismic wave speeds, and H2O content of the Cascadia subduction zone, with implications for intermediate-depth seismicity and earthquake hazard. U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 02-328 Hacker, B.R., 1996, Eclogite formation and the rheology, buoyancy, seismicity, and H2O content of oceanic crust, AGU Monograph, p. 337-346. Phase Transformations and Rheology Rates and mechanisms of simple geological phase transformations and mechanical behavior of rocks. Spencer, K., Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Andersen, T.B., Cottle, J.M., Stearns, M.A., Poletti, J.E., Seward, G.G.E., 2013 Campaign-style titanite U-Pb dating by ICP: implications for crustal flow, phase transformations and titanite closure. Chemical Geology, v. 341, p. 84–101. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.11.01 Frost, E.K., Dolan, J.F., Ratschbacher, L., and Hacker, B.R., 2011. Direct observation of fault zone structure at the brittle-ductile transition along the SEMP fault system, Austria. Journal of Geophysical Research v. 116, B02411, doi:10.1029/2010JB007719. Frost, E.K., Dolan, J.F., Sammis, C., Ratschbacher, L., Hacker, B.R., and Cole, J., 2009. Progressive strain localization in a major strike-slip fault exhumed from mid-seismogenic depths: Structural observations from the SEMP fault system, Austria. Journal of Geophysical Research v. 114, B04406, doi:10.1029/2008JB005763 Cole, J., Hacker, B.R., Ratschbacher, L., Dolan, J.F., Seward, G., Frost, E., and Frank, W., 2007, Localized ductile shear below the seismogenic zone: Structural analysis of the exhumed SEMP strike-slip fault, Austrian Alps. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 112, doi:10.1029/2007JB004975. Hacker, B.R., Rubie, D.C., Kirby, S.H., and Bohlen, S.R., 2005. Calcite --> aragonite transformation in marble: A comprehensive study of an archetypal polymorphic phase transformation. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, doi:10.1029/2004JB003302. NOTE: There is a sign error in the equation on page 6, which should read "P = 2.4E-6 (T-298)˛ + 7.4E-4 (T-298) + 0.299"! (Thanks to Prof De Visscher, University of Calgary for spotting this one.) Hacker, B.R., 1997, Diagenesis and the fault-valve seismicity of crustal faults. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, p. 24,459-24,467. Jove, C., and Hacker, B.R. 1997, Experimental investigation of laumontite - wairakite + H2O: A model diagenetic reaction. American Mineralogist, v. 82, p. 781-789. Hacker, B.R., and Kirby, S.H., 1993, High-pressure deformation of calcite marble and its transformation to aragonite under non-hydrostatic conditions. Journal of Structural Geology, v. 15, p. 1207-1222. Hacker, B.R., Kirby, S.H., and Bohlen, S.R., 1992, Time and metamorphic petrology: the calcite -> aragonite transformation. Science, v. 258, p. 110-113. Hacker, B.R., and Christie, J.M., 1992, Experimental deformation of a glassy basalt: Tectonophysics, v. 200, p. 79-96. Hacker, B.R., and Christie, J.M., 1991, Observational evidence for a possible new diffusion path:. Science, v. 251, p. 67-70. Hacker, B.R., 1990, Amphibolite-facies to granulite-facies reactions in experimentally deformed unpowdered amphibolite: American Mineralogist, v. 75, p. 1349-1361. Hacker, B.R., and Christie, J.M., 1990, Brittle/ductile and plastic/cataclastic transitions in experimentally deformed and metamorphosed amphibolite. AGU Monograph 56, p. 127-147. Analytical Method Development Development of LASS (laser-ablation split-stream ICP mass spectrometry), electron-backscatter diffraction, and rock physical-property calculation methods. LASS (laser-ablation split-stream ICP mass spectrometry) Jonckheere, R., Heinz, D., Hacker, B.R., Rafaja, D., Ratschbacher, L., 2019. A borehole investigation of zircon radiation damage annealing. Terra Nova Holder, RM, Hacker, BR., Seward, GGES, Kylander-Clark, ARC, 2019. Interpreting titanite U–Pb dates and Zr thermobarometry in high-grade rocks: Empirical constraints on elemental diffusivities of Pb, Al, Fe, Zr, Nb, and Ce. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology Nuriel, P., Craddock, J., Kylander-Clark, ARC, Uysal, T, Karabacak, V, Kadir Dirik, R, Hacker, BR and Weinberger, R, 2019. Reactivation history of the North Anatolian Fault Zone based on calcite age-strain analyses. Geology. Edwards, MA, Jackson, MG, Kylander-Clark, ARC, Harvey, J, Hagen-Peter, G, Seward, GGE, Till, CB, Adams, JV, Cottle, JM, Hacker, BR, Spera, FJ, 2019. Extreme enriched and heterogeneous 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios recorded in magmatic plagioclase from the Samoan hotspot. Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.01.040 Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Holder, R.M., 2018. REE Partitioning Between Monazite and Garnet: Implications for Petrochronology. Journal of Metamorphic Geology https://doi.org/10.1111/jmg.12458 Corrected Figure 6. Craddock, JP, Nuriel, P, Kylander-Clark, ARC, Hacker, BR, Luczaj, J, Weinberger, R, 2018. Long-term (7Ma) Strain Fluctuations and Exhumation History within the Dead Sea Transform from High-resolution U-Pb Dating of a Calcite Vein. Geological Society of America Bulletin Viete, D.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Hacker, B.R., 2016, Single-shot laser ablation split stream (SS-LASS) petrochronology deciphers multiple, short-duration metamorphic events. Chemical Geology http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.09.013 Stearns, M., Cottle, J.M., Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., 2016, Evaluating the role of lattice diffusion in titanite using coupled U-Pb and trace-element depth profiles by single-shot laser-ablation split stream (SS-LASS) ICP-MS. Chemical Geology doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.12.011 Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Hacker, B.R., Cottle, J.M, 2013, Laser-ablation split-stream ICP petrochronology. Chemical Geology, v. 345, p. 99–112 > Spencer, K., Hacker, B.R., Kylander-Clark, A.R.C., Andersen, T.B., Cottle, J.M., Stearns, M.A., Poletti, J.E., Seward, G.G.E., 2013 Campaign-style titanite U-Pb dating by ICP: implications for crustal flow, phase transformations and titanite closure. Chemical Geology, v. 341, p. 84–101. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.11.01 Peterman, E.M., Mattinson, J.M., and Hacker, B.R., 2012. Chemical abrasion (CA) TIMS method development for monazite. Chemical Geology, v. 312–313, p. 58–73 EBSD (electron-backscatter diffraction) Brownlee, S., Hacker, B.R., Salisbury, M., Seward, G., Little, T., Baldwin, S., and Abers, G.A., 2011. Predicted velocity and density structure of the exhuming Papua New Guinea ultrahigh pressure terrane. Journal of Geophysical Research, v 116, doi:10.1029/2011JB008195 Rock physical properties Hacker, B.R., and Abers, G.A., 2004, Subduction Factory 3. An Excel Worksheet and Macro for Calculating the Densities, Seismic Wave Speeds, and H2O Contents of Minerals and Rocks at Pressure and Temperature. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 5, doi: 10.1029/2003GC000614. Excel macro available here. Contact me if you want the latest version of the database, which has substantial changes for the elastic properties of quartz. Other Publications Hacker, B.R. (editor), 1998, Caves of Gunung Buda 1997. Good Earth Press, Santa Cruz, CA, 65 pp. Hacker, B.R. (editor), 1996, Caves of Gunung Buda. Good Earth Press, Santa Cruz, CA, 55 pp. Rose, C., Hacker, B.R., Anders, R., Withey, K., Metzler, M., Chernicoff, S., Espinosa, C., Averill, A., Davis, B., and Howard, B., 1985, Inside Macintosh Volume I: Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley, 550 p. Rose, C., Hacker, B.R., Anders, R., Withey, K., Metzler, M., Chernicoff, S., Espinosa, C., Averill, A., Davis, B., and Howard, B., 1985, Inside Macintosh Volume II: Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley, 429 p. Rose, C., Hacker, B.R., Anders, R., Withey, K., Metzler, M., Chernicoff, S., Espinosa, C., Averill, A., Davis, B., and Howard, B., 1985, Inside Macintosh Volume III: Reading, Massachusetts, Addison-Wesley, 281 p. Hacker, B.R., 1983, Apple /// Pascal Technical Reference Manual: Apple Computer, Inc., Cupertino, California, 168 pp. Hacker, B.R., 1982, Imagewriter User's Manual: Apple Computer, Inc., Cupertino, California, 120 p. Hacker, B.R., 1980, Apple /// Apple Business BASIC Reference Manual: Apple Computer, Inc., Cupertino, California, c. 300 p. Hacker, B.R., 1979, The Silentype Operation and Reference Manual: Apple Computer, Inc., Cupertino, California, c. 100 p. Hacker, B.R., 1978, The Cashier: Apple Computer, Inc., Cupertino, California, c. 100 p. Some material based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.